Scientific Misconduct, Retractions, and Errata

Scientific misconduct, retractions, and errata.

Scientific Misconduct.

Scientific misconduct has been defined as fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism. Scientific misconduct has occurred throughout the history of science. The US government began to take systematic interest in such misconduct in the 1980s. Since then, a number of studies have examined how frequently individual scientists have observed scientific misconduct or were involved in it. Although the ...

Retractions by Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences due to Scientific Misconduct.

Under pressure to publish, academicians and research scientists are increasingly indulging in scientific misconduct leading to retraction of such papers when identified. Other reasons of retraction include scientific error and problems related to ethics. Four published manuscripts (three from Turkey and one from Pakistan) had to be retracted from Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences from Januar...

Coping with scientific misconduct.

author (which had been accepted but not yet published) that also seemed to be plagiarised. However, the author’s hospital did not respond. In another of the four cases (09-11), an editor had concerns about the ethics of a trial of a homoeopathic treatment for HIV/AIDS. The editor was concerned that patients may have been denied effective antiretroviral treatment and wanted clarification about h...

Scientific Misconduct and Research Integrity

R esearch integrity and a corollary scientific misconduct have received increasing attention in the literature in the last three decades. Most of the research conducted on scientific misconduct has been focused on principal investigators (PIs) and other scientists involved in the research enterprise. By virtue of their position, research coordinators (RCs), many of whom are nurses, are often cl...